Crop production and management · फसल उत्पादन एवं प्रबंध
A free Biology lesson for Class 8 children.
Kharif crops are sown in the rainy season: paddy, maize, soyabean, cotton. Rabi crops are sown in winter: wheat, gram, mustard.
Steps in growing a crop: preparing the soil, sowing, adding manure and fertilisers, irrigation, protecting from weeds, harvesting and storage.
Ploughing loosens the soil so roots can breathe and earthworms can mix it.
Manure is natural and improves the soil. Fertilisers are chemicals like urea and NPK; too much harms the soil and water.
Irrigation methods include wells, canals, and the water-saving sprinkler and drip systems.
Unwanted plants in a field are weeds. They are removed by weeding. Harvested grain is dried and stored safely in silos or granaries.