Acids, bases and salts · अम्ल, क्षारक एवं लवण
A free Chemistry lesson for Class 10 children.
Acids give hydrogen ions in water. Bases give hydroxide ions.
The pH scale runs from 0 to 14. Below 7 is acidic, 7 is neutral and above 7 is basic.
Litmus turns red in acids and blue in bases.
An acid and a base react to form a salt and water. This is neutralisation.
Acids react with metals to give hydrogen gas, and with carbonates to give carbon dioxide.
Baking soda is sodium hydrogencarbonate. Washing soda is sodium carbonate.
Plaster of Paris sets hard when mixed with water. Bleaching powder is used to clean drinking water.
Tooth decay starts when the pH in the mouth falls below 5.5.